State |
Year Enacted |
Provisions |
Alaska |
1998 |
Ban on gag clauses, direct access, bans financial incentives |
Arizona |
2000 |
Grievance procedures, direct access, experimental treatment |
Arkansas |
1997 |
Inpatient care after childbirth, mastectomies, provider credentialing |
California |
1994 |
Information disclosure, emergency care services, appeals |
Colorado |
1997 |
Consumer grievance process, ER, prescription mandates |
Connecticut |
1997 |
Ban on gag clauses, grievance process, medical records, ER |
Delaware |
1998 |
Bans financial incentives, grievance process, network adequacy |
Florida |
1997 |
Ban on gag clauses, grievance process, data collection, direct access |
Georgia |
1996, 1999 |
Disclosure, grievances, confidentiality, independent appeals |
Hawaii |
1998 |
Ban on gag clauses, ER care, independent review |
Idaho |
1997 |
Direct access, emergency care, out-of-network providers |
Illinois |
1999 |
Ban on gag clauses, consumer assistance, emergency care, appeals |
Indiana |
1998 |
Ban on gag clauses, grievances, medical records, drug formularies |
Iowa |
1999 |
Disclosure, emergency care, independent appeals, report cards |
Kansas |
1997 |
Ban on gag clauses, grievance process, ER, direct access |
Kentucky |
1998, 2000 |
Grievance process, ER, medical records, direct access |
Louisiana |
1997 |
Consumer grievances, financial disincentives, quality assurance |
Maine |
1996, 2000 |
Disclosure, reporting, credential, ban gag clauses, ER, experimental treatment |
Maryland |
1995 |
Oversight of plans, certification standards |
Massachusetts |
2000 |
External review, ER, grievance process, mandated kids mental health services |
Minnesota |
1997 |
Ban on gag clauses, disclosure, ER, medical records |
Mississippi |
1995 |
Certification standards only |
Missouri |
1997 |
Ban gag clauses, data collection, direct access, ER, medical records |
Montana |
1997 |
ER, access, provider selection, ban gag clauses, premium rate restrictions |
Nebraska |
1998 |
Ban gag clauses, grievance process, ER, network adequacy |
Nevada |
1997 |
Ban gag clauses, disclosure, ER, financial disincentives |
New Hampshire |
1997 |
Consumer grievance, ban gag clauses, medical records, network adequacy |
New Jersey |
1997 |
Ban gag clauses, grievance process, financial incentives |
New Mexico |
1997, 1998 |
Ban gag clauses, grievance process, network adequacy |
New York |
1996 |
Disclosure, grievance process, direct access, quality of care |
North Carolina |
2001 |
Grievance process, Rx formulary |
North Dakota |
1999 |
Ban financial incentives, ER, whistleblower protections |
Ohio |
1997 |
Consumer grievance process, ER, network adequacy, genetic testing |
Oklahoma |
1997, 1999 |
Referrals, ER, ban gag clauses, quality of care, consumer grievances |
Oregon |
1995, 1997 |
Consumer grievances, ER, disclosure, network adequacy |
Pennsylvania |
1998 |
Ban gag clauses and financial incentives, consumer grievance |
Rhode Island |
1996 |
Certification, disclosure, confidentiality, ban gag clauses |
South Carolina |
1998 |
Ban gag clauses, disclosure |
South Dakota |
1999 |
Network adequacy, quality of care, ban gag clauses, register managed care plans |
Tennessee |
1998 |
OB/GYN access, eye care, network adequacy, formularies |
Texas |
1997 |
Ban gag clauses, consumer grievance, ER, quality of service |
Vermont |
1996 |
Annual review, disclosure, ban gag clauses, quality assurance |
Virginia |
1995, 1996, 1998, 1999 |
Appeals, emergency care, ban gag clauses, medical records |
Washington |
1996, 2000 |
Disclosure, ban gag clauses, consumer grievance, direct access |
West Virginia |
2001 |
Disclosure, financial incentives ban, second medical opinion, grievances |
Wisconsin |
1998 |
Emergency care, gag clauses, director certification, experimental treatment |
Source: National Conference of State Legislatures |